Pilgrimages and Local Islam on Java

Intellectual Pilgrimages and Local Norms in Fashioning Indonesian Islam

Muslims living in the Indonesian archipelago have long placed considerable importance on their travels to and communications with what they saw as intellectual centers for the study of Islam. I trace some of the effects of these “intellectual pilgrimages” to Mecca, Cairo, and elsewhere on Indonesian deliberations about Islam, particularly concerning Islamic law. I argue that these references to...

Islam in local contexts: Localised Islam in Northern Pakistan

As Clifford Geertz remarked in his Islam Observed (1968), the idea of a ‘changing’ religion is a contradiction in terms, as religion is fundamentally concerned with what is permanent and eternal. Still, one way to come to terms with religious change is to consider the many ways that religion is interpreted, by laymen and scholars alike. Social anthropologists like myself have naturally found a ...

Problems of pilgrimages.

Making Pilgrimages, Meaning and Practice in Shikoku

Securing Java with Local Policies

We propose an extension to the security model of Java. It allows for specifying, analysing and enforcing history-based policies. Policies are defined by finite state automata recognizing the permitted execution histories. Programmers can sandbox an untrusted piece of code with a policy, which is enforced at run-time through its local scope. A static analysis allows for optimizing the execution ...